India Climate Action Tracker

About the Data

All the data and information on this Website is compiled and collated from various government sources at national and state levels and includes data from sources such as like Reserve bank of India (RBI), Department of Science and technology (DST), Central Electricity Authority, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), GHG platform India etc. Further, the data was largely taken from publicly available information such as publications of various government institutions and departments or from their websites.

However, in few cases data has been derived or calculated using different methodologies. These have been explained in the methodology section of the glossary and in the disclaimers wherever this data has been showcased along with the assumption and formulae. Further, data on socio economic indicators like population, income, GDP, NSDP etc are sourced from institutions such as Reserve Bank of India and MOSPI. The data on climate indicators like Forest area, GHG emissions, annual rainfall, vulnerability are sources from GHG platform India, Forest survey of India, NITI Aayog, Department of Science and Technology India, Central electricity authority and MNRE. Similarly, data on funding are sources from Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation (Shakti) database, FCRA online, OECD database and CSR India.

More details on the methodology and the sources can be accessed from the following sections:

  1. AFOLU:

    Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use

  2. CEA:

    Central Electricity Authority

  3. CFLs:

    Compact Fluorescent Lamps

  4. CSO:

    Civil society organizations

  5. DCs:

    Designated Consumers

  6. EEFP:

    Energy Efficiency Financing Platform

  7. ESCerts:

    Energy Saving Certificates

  8. FCRA:

    Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act

  9. FCRA:

    The Foreign Contribution Act, 2010

  10. FEEED:

    Framework for Energy Efficient Economic Development

  11. FSI:

    Forest survey of India

  12. GDP:

    Gross Domestic Product

  13. GHS:

    Greenhouse Gas

  14. GSDP:

    Gross State Domestic Product

  15. IEX:

    Indian Energy Exchange

  16. INR:

    Indian Rupee

  17. IPCC:

    Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

  18. IPPU:

    Industrial Processes and Product Use

  19. JPEG:

    Joint Photographic Experts Group

  20. M:

    Million

  21. Mm:

    Millimeter

  22. Millimeter NAPCC:

    The National Action Plan on Climate Change

  23. NGO:

    Non-governmental Organization

  24. NMEEE:

    National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency

  25. NSDP:

    Net State Domestic Product

  26. NSV:

    Net State Value

  27. OECD:

    Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development

  28. PAT:

    Perform, Achieve and Trade

  29. PNG:

    Portable Network Graphics

  30. PXIL:

    Power Exchange India Limited

  31. SAPCC:

    State Action Plan on Climate Change

  32. SDG:

    Sustainable Development Goals

  33. SEC:

    Specific Energy Consumption

  34. SEEP:

    Super-Efficient Equipment Program

  35. tCO2e:

    Tonnes of CO2 equivalent

  36. USD:

    US Dollar

  1. AN: Andaman and Nicobar
  2. AP: Andhra Pradesh
  3. AR: Arunachal Pradesh
  4. AS: Assam
  5. BR: Bihar
  6. CH: Chandigarh
  7. CT: Chhattisgarh
  8. DD: Daman and Diu
  9. DL: Delhi
  10. GA: Goa
  11. GJ: Gujarat
  12. HP: Himachal Pradesh
  13. HR: Haryana
  14. JH: Jharkhand
  15. JK: Jammu and Kashmir
  16. KA: Karnataka
  17. KL: Kerala
  18. MH: Maharashtra
  19. ML: Meghalaya
  20. MN: Manipur
  21. MP: Madhya Pradesh
  22. MZ: Mizoram
  23. NL: Nagaland
  24. OR: Odisha
  25. PB: Punjab
  26. PY: Puducherry
  27. RJ: Rajasthan
  28. SK: Sikkim
  29. TL: Telangana
  30. TN: Tamil Nadu
  31. TR: Tripura
  32. UP: Uttar Pradesh
  33. UT: Uttarakhand
  34. WB: West Bengal
  35. UP: Uttar Pradesh
  36. UT: Uttarakhand
  37. WB: West Bengal

  1. Average Maximum Temperature:

    The average daily maximum air temperature, for each month and as an annual statistic, calculated over all years of record.

  2. Average Minimum Temperature:

    The lowest (by month and overall) maximum air temperature observed at the site.

  3. Average Temperature:

    The average temperature of the air as indicated by a properly exposed thermometer during a given time period, usually a day, month, or year.

  4. Common Equity:

    The amount that all common shareholders have invested in an organization.

  5. Core grant:

    Flexible Financial support that provides an organization to build on a program or/and covers institutional support as well.

  6. Expenditure:

    Money spent from the budget of the state.

  7. FCRA status:

    FCRA stands for Foreign Contribution Regulation Act, and FCRA is a law of the government of India which regulates receipt of foreign contributions or aid from outside India to Indian territories.

  8. Forest Cover:

    Forest cover is the amount of land area that is covered by forest.

  9. Funding source:

    Budgetary resources for programs and projects.

  10. GHG emissions

    Greenhouse gas is any gas that has the property of absorbing infrared radiation (net heat energy) emitted from Earth’s surface and reradiating it back to Earth’s surface, thus contributing to the greenhouse effect. Carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor are the most important greenhouse gases. Emissions resulting from greenhouse gases are termed as Greenhouse gas emissions.

  11. Grantee partner:

    Recipient of funding from the grantor to implement a program/project.

  12. Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP):

    The total value of goods produced and services provided in a state during one year.

  13. Gross value Added (GVA):

    Economic productivity metric that measures the contribution of a corporate subsidiary, company, or municipality to an economy.

  14. GSDP Growth Rate:

    Measures how fast the economy is growing.

  15. Health Care Accessibility:

    Health care facilities accessible to population.

  16. Human Development Index (HDI):

    A statistic composite index of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators .

  17. Key industry:

    An industry that is pivotal to the growth (or sometimes the survival) of an economy.

  18. Land area:

    Land area or non-forest area.

  19. Literacy Rate:

    Percentage of the population of a given age group that can read and write.

  20. Net State Domestic Product:

    Annual measure of the economic output of a nation that is adjusted to account for depreciation.

  21. Per capita income:

    Per capita income is the income of each person in a population of a particular area.

  22. Percent Contribution of Agriculture to GDP:

    Agriculture's share in the GDP.

  23. Percent Contribution of Industry to GDP:

    Industry's share in the GDP.

  24. Percent Contribution of Service to GDP:

    Service sector's share in the GDP.

  25. Percent Contribution to National Population:

    State Population percentage with respect to India's population.

  26. Population Density:

    Number of people per unit of area.

  27. Precipitation:

    In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravitational pull from clouds.

  28. Programme consultancy:

    Assignments shared with for-profits to deliver task/deliverable based on specific outcomes.

  29. Project grant:

    Collaboration with another civil society organization working for similar objectives to achieve project specific outcomes through a connected set of activities, where budgets are pre-defined.

  30. Rural Population:

    population in areas that have a lower population density than urban areas and are spread over a larger area out than urban centers.

  31. SDG:

    The 17 global goals for development for all countries established by the United Nations through a participatory process and elaborated in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, including ending poverty and hunger; ensuring health and well-being, education, gender equality, clean water and energy, and decent work; building and ensuring resilient and sustainable infrastructure, cities and consumption; reducing inequalities; protecting land and water ecosystems; promoting peace, justice and partnerships; and taking urgent action on climate change.

  32. SDG Ranking:

    17 Sustainable Development Goals were adopted by the UN General Assembly in September 2015 as a part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The Index for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) evaluates progress of states and Union Territories (UTs) on various parameters including health, education, gender, economic growth, institutions, climate change and environment. The SDG India Index scores range between 0–100, higher the score of a State/UT, the greater the distance to target achieved. States and UTs are classified in four categories based on their SDG India Index score — aspirant: 0–49; performer: 50–64; front-runner: 65–99, achiever: 100. Currently, there are no states in the aspirant and achiever category; 15 states/UTs are in the performer category and 22 states/UTs in the front runner category.

  33. Sex Ratio:

    Ratio of males to females in a population.

  34. Standard grant:

    A grant in which an organization agrees to provide a specific level of support for a specified period of time with no statement of the organization’s intent to provide additional future support without submission of another proposal.

  35. State Budget:

    State's plan of how to spend an amount of money over a particular period of time.

  36. Topography:

    The physical characteristics of an area of land, especially the position of its rivers, mountains, etc.

  37. Total Population:

    Total population of the country or state.

  38. Urban Population:

    Population inhabiting areas that have a greater population density than rural areas.

  39. Water bodies:

    Water bodies in the form of lakes, ponds, dams etc.

  1. YoY % Growth of GDP vs GHG Emissions

    The YoY % growth is calculated by calculating the percentage growth rate of the 2nd year from the first year. E.g., Growth rate for FY 2010 will be the growth rate from FY 2009.
    Formula used: (Value in Current year minus value in Previous year) divided by value in previous year, the whole multiplied by 100.

  2. Emissions Intensity per INR 1000 NSDP

    State emissions divided by INR 1000 NSDP of the state.

  3. Per Capita GHG Emissions

    GHG emissions of the state divided by state population.

  4. INR to US Dollar Conversion

    Calculated by dividing the funding amount in INR by the exchange rate (INR to USD) for the corresponding funding year. Data are based on FEDAI (Foreign Exchange Dealers' Association of India) indicative rates till April 2012. RBI reference rates are used w.e.f. May 2012.
    Source: Link

  5. Emissions Avoided in Power Sector

    RE 2030 Scenario: As per CEA's Optimal Mix Report 2030, India is projected to have RE's installed capacity of 435 GW by FY 2030 [Solar: 280 GW, Wind: 140 GW, Biomass & small Hydro: 15 GW]. A 'Mission 500GW' action plan is being drawn by the government to take forward the announcement made by Prime Minister Modi at the COP26 climate conference at Glasgow. As per the report, 435 GW of RE corresponds to 800 BU of RE generated electricity in 2030 with an improvement in CUFs of RE technologies by 2030 (CUFs Solar: 22%, Wind: 25.2 %, Small Hydro: 35%, Biomass: 35%). The RE generation in 2030 is then worked upon with current grid emission factor (0.79 tCO2/MWh) to arrive at the emissions avoided in 2030.

    Formula used: (Installed Capacity in 2030 x CUF in 2030 x 8760)/10^3 Unit in GWh -> Electricity GenerationEmissions Calculation: Electricity generation x 0.79 (Current Grid emission factor in tCO2/MWh)

    RE Potential Scenario:
    RE Potential is worked upon to arrive at RE generation with the improved CUF for RE technologies in 2030. The corresponding emissions avoided is estimated using current grid emission factor.
    Formula used: (Full potential installed Capacity in 2030 x CUF in 2030 x 8760)/10^3 Unit in GWh -> Electricity Generation Emissions Calculation: Electricity generation x 0.79 (Current Grid emission factor in tCO2/MWh) .

  6. Emissions avoided in electricity demand side

    Emissions avoided are estimated from year-on-year State wise Energy Saving targets projected by CEA till 2027. The value is further extrapolated till 2030 using CAGR method. The value for Energy saved is due to Demand side management, energy efficiency and conservation. The corresponding emissions are estimated using the current grid emission factor.
    Formula used:
    Emissions Calculation: Electricity saved due to Demand side management x 0.79 (Current Grid emission factor in tCO2/MWh).

S.NO. INDICATOR DESCRIPTION LINK FREQUENCY OF UPDATION
Homepage – Representation on map
1. State-wise vulnerability to climate change Department of Science and Technology (2019). Climate Vulnerability Assessment for Adaptation Planning in India Using a Common Framework. https://dst.gov.in/sites/default/files/Full%20Report%20%281%29.pdf A one-time study on vulnerability was conducted by Department of Science and Technology in 2019. Further, updation plans have not been announced by DST.
2. GHG emissions per capita GHG Platform (2005-2015) Emission Estimates http://www.ghgplatform-india.org/economy-wide Phase IV is in progress; data will be updated accordingly
Homepage – India profile
3. Population Reserve Bank of India (2021). Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2020-21 https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States Census of India is updated every 10 years. Census 2021 has been delayed, with preliminary results expected in 2023
4. Urban Population Reserve Bank of India (2021). Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2020-21 https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States Census of India is updated every 10 years. Census 2021 has been delayed, with preliminary results expected in 2023
5. Rural Population Reserve Bank of India (2021). Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2020-21 https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States Census of India is updated every 10 years. Census 2021 has been delayed, with preliminary results expected in 2023
6. Percentage of rural population Reserve Bank of India (2021). Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2020-21 https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States Census of India is updated every 10 years. Census 2021 has been delayed, with preliminary results expected in 2023
7. Percentage of urban population Reserve Bank of India (2021). Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2020-21 https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States Census of India is updated every 10 years. Census 2021 has been delayed, with preliminary results expected in 2023
8. Gross Domestic Product (at constant prices - 2011-12) Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (2021). National Account Statistics 2021 https://mospi.gov.in/web/mospi/reports-publications/-/reports/view/templateFive/22001?q=RPCAT Yearly
9. Per capita energy consumption Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (2021). Energy Statistics 2021 https://www.thehinducentre.com/resources/article35740193.ece/binary/Energy%20Statistics%20India%2020211_compressed.pdf Yearly
10. GHG emissions (with LULUCF) *GHG Platform Phase III (2005-2015) Emission Estimates *India Third Biennial Update Report to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change http://www.ghgplatform-india.org/economy-wide https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/INDIA_%20BUR-3_20.02.2021_High.pdf * Phase IV is in progress;data will be updated accordingly.
*Biennial Update Reports (BUR) areupdated every 2 years. India's third BUR was submitted in 2021. The fourth BUR should be released in 2023.
11. GDP Growth Rate (At Constant Prices) Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (2021). National Account Statistics 2021 https://mospi.gov.in/web/mospi/reports-publications/-/reports/view/templateFive/22001?q=RPCAT Yearly
12. GHG Growth Rate GHG Platform Phase III (2005-2015) Emission Estimates Calculated by YoY % growth rate of GHG emissions Phase IV is in progress;data will be updated accordingly
Homepage - Sectoral GHG Share
13. Sectoral Contribution to GHG Emissions GHG Platform India http://www.ghgplatform-india.org/economy-wide Phase IV is in progress; data will be updated accordingly
Homepage – State data on map
14. Population (2011) Reserve Bank of India- Handbook on Statistics 2021 https://rbi.org.in/Scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx%3Fhead%3DHandbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States As per Census of India (Census of India is updated every 10 years. Census 2021 has been delayed, with preliminary results expected in 2023.)
15. Net State Domestic Product (2020-21) (at Constant Prices) (INR) Reserve Bank of India- Handbook on Statistics 2021 https://rbi.org.in/Scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx%3Fhead%3DHandbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States Annually
16. Per Capita Electricity Consumption (2019) (kWh) Central Electricity Authority https://cea.nic.in/?lang=en Yearly (Published by Central Electricity Authority)
State page – Socio-economic data
17. Forest area India State of Forest Report 2021 https://fsi.nic.in/isfr-2021/chapter-2.pdf Biennial(The next edition of the State of Forest Report will be published in 2023)
18. Number of factories Number of factories Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation https://mospi.gov.in/web/mospi/reports-publications/-/reports/view/templateTwo/25501?q=RPCAT While the frequency of updation should be annual, Survey of Industries has not been conducted after 2018-19
19. Key industries in the state Assam https://des.assam.gov.in/information-services/economic-survey-assam NA
Bihar https://state.bihar.gov.in/finance/CitizenHome.html
Jharkhand https://finance.jharkhand.gov.in/pdf/Economic_Survey_2020_21/Jharkhand_Economic_Survey_2020_21.pdf
Karnataka https://www.karnataka.gov.in/info-1/Publications/Economic+Survey/en
Maharashtra http://mls.org.in/pdf2021/budget/budgetpdf/ESM_2020_21_Eng_Book.pdf
Odisha https://finance.odisha.gov.in/sites/default/files/2021-02/Odisha_Economic_Survey_2020_21.pdf
Rajasthan https://statistics.rajasthan.gov.in/content/dam/planning-portal/Directorate%20of%20Economics%20and%20Statistics/Publication/Regular%20Publications/economic%20review%20english/Economic_Review_English_2020-21.pdf
Tamil Nadu https://www.tn.gov.in/dear/State%20of%20the%20Economy.pdf
20. Total Population Reserve Bank of India (2021). Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2020-21 https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States As per Census of India (Census of India is updated every 10 years. Census 2021 has been delayed, with preliminary results expected in 2023.)
21. % Contribution to National Population Reserve Bank of India (2021). Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2020-21 https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States As per Census of India (Census of India is updated every 10 years. Census 2021 has been delayed, with preliminary results expected in 2023.)
22. Urban Population Reserve Bank of India (2021). Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2020-21 https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States As per Census of India (Census of India is updated every 10 years. Census 2021 has been delayed, with preliminary results expected in 2023.)
23. Rural population Reserve Bank of India (2021). Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2020-21 https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States As per Census of India (Census of India is updated every 10 years. Census 2021 has been delayed, with preliminary results expected in 2023.)
24. Population density(Persons per sq. km.) Reserve Bank of India (2021). Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2020-21 https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States As per Census of India (Census of India is updated every 10 years. Census 2021 has been delayed, with preliminary results expected in 2023.)
25. Literacy rate (%) Reserve Bank of India (2021). Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2020-21 https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States As per Census of India (Census of India is updated every 10 years. Census 2021 has been delayed, with preliminary results expected in 2023.)
26. Total physicians, nurses and midwives per 10,000 population (Number) NITI Ayog https://www.niti.gov.in/writereaddata/files/SDG_3.0_Final_04.03.2021_Web_Spreads.pdf Yearly
27. Gross State Domestic Product (at constant prices) (INR) Reserve Bank of India (2021). Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2020-21 https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States Yearly
28. Net State Domestic Product (at constant prices) (INR) Reserve Bank of India (2021). Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2020-21 https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States Yearly
29. Per capita income (Per capita net state domestic product) (at constant prices) (INR) Reserve Bank of India (2021). Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2020-21 https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States Yearly
30. Net State Value by economic activity - Agriculture (at constant prices) (INR) Reserve Bank of India (2021) https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States Yearly
31. Net State Value by economicactivity - Manufacturing (at constant prices)(INR) Reserve Bank of India (2021) https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States Yearly
32. Net State Value by economic activity - Construction (at constant prices) (INR) Reserve Bank of India (2021) https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States Yearly
33. Net State Value by economic activity - Industry (At constant prices) (INR) Reserve Bank of India (2021) https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States Yearly
34. Net State Value by economic activity - Services (At constant prices) (INR) Reserve Bank of India (2021 https://m.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20States Yearly
States page – Climate profile
35. Annual rainfall (mm) Indian Meteorological Department https://mausam.imd.gov.in/ Yearly
36. GHG emissions per capita (tCO2e per capita) GHG Platform India www.ghgplatform india.org Phase IV is in progress; data will be updated accordingly
37. Sector wise GHG emissions GHG Platform India www.ghgplatform india.org Phase IV is in progress;data will be updated accordingly
38. Percentage of renewable energy out of total installed generating capacity (MW) Central Electricity Authority https://cea.nic.in/dashboard/?lang=en Monthly
39. SDG 13 score NITI Aayog https://www.niti.gov.in/writereaddata/files/SDG_3.0_Final_04.03.2021_Web_Spreads.pdf Yearly
States page – Sectoral GHG share
40. Sectoral Contribution to GHG emissions GHG Platform India http://www.ghgplatform-india.org/economy-wide Phase IV is in progress; data will be updated accordingly
Funding landscape
41. All other KPIs Shakti Foundation data Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation (Shakti) NA
42. Grantee partner FCRA status Ministry of Home Affairs – Portal of FCRA Services https://fcraonline.nic.in/fc8_statewise.aspx Yearly
43. All KPIs on OECD Funding OECD Funding https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=DV_DCD_PPFD Yearly
CSR
44. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) National CSR Portal https://www.csr.gov.in/content/csr/global/master/home/home.html Frequently
Policy framework
45. Sector-wise policy framework - Websites of National and state governments NA